Obesity due to excessive diet has long been known to be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. However, until now scientists were able to identify the reasons behind this relationship.
A new study has revealed that a diet high in calories may turn off important hormones in the gut that inactivate tumor suppressor so intestinal tumors formed.
The good news, the researchers found that the gene replacement can be used for the "revival of a tumor suppressor", and prevent cancer developing.
Senior researcher Dr. Scott Waldman of Thomas Jefferson University said their studies have shown that colon and rectal cancers can be prevented in obese individuals using hormone replacement therapy.
In addition, other diseases related to hormone deficiency, such as loss of insulin in diabetes can be treated.
Excess calories,
Fat people are known to have a 50 percent higher risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to those with normal weight.Scientists conjecture that this linkage is based on the amount of fat tissue and the metabolism of excess calories is the fuel cell energy and growth.
The combined team of researchers from Thomas Jefferson, Harvard University and Duke Medical School have used genetically engineered mice to investigate this association.
They found that obesity, both from the consumption of fats and carbohydrates, or both, related to the loss guanylin hormone produced in the gut epithelium, which are the cells lining organs. Guanylin, guanylil cyclase C (GUCY2C) regulative regeneration of the intestinal epithelium.
"Lining of the colon is very dynamic and constantly be changed and GUCY2C contribute as a key that is needed in the regeneration process," said Dr. Waldman.
In the case of colorectal cancer, genes guanylin generally become inactive. And obese patients will decline this gene to 80 percent compared to people who lean.
Guanylyn receptor is valid as a suppressor of tumor growth and control. Without these hormones, the receptor is not going to work.
"It happens very early in the development of cancer. When the receptors are not working, the epithelium will experience a dysfunctional that makes cancer can develop." said Dr. Waldman.
The researchers then created a mouse that carries the transgene will not let guanylin die.
The study concludes that in obese mice, the hormone and its receptor silent or not working.
"We believe that kolorektar cancer can develop through this silencing mechanism and is more common in obese people," says Dr. Waldman.
He added that this discovery was a surprise and many other researchers in the world who have tried to describe the association of obesity on the occurrence of colorectal cancer.
Calories are in the midst of these two conditions, but "what they do" is one of the most puzzling questions and provocative in cancer research.
"Now we finally have a big clue as to the origin of colorectal cancer in obese individuals and may be an ordinary person," he said.
In addition, researchers found that linaclotide pill - which is linked to the missing hormone - can be used as initial therapy for preventing colorectal cancer in patients with diabetes. (Gibran Linggau)
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